when looking at data obtained from studies with living mammalian cells, it appears reasonable to assume that dequalinium molecules could be pulled into the will tramadol cause liver problems mitochondrial matrix in response to the high mitochondrial membrane potential as demonstrated in , which in turn might lead to the destabilization of the dqasomepdna complex however, the first detailed study, which demonstrated the selective dna release from dqaplexes, was performed using membrane mimicking liposomes fig as a model for the intracellular release of dna from dqasomes, the capacity of anionic liposomes to displace the dna from its cationic carrier was studied the association of dna with the cationic carrier was assessed by employing sybr green i the fluorescence signal of this dye is greatly enhanced when bound to dna nonbinding results in loss of fluorescence it can be clearly seen that in the vicinity of a charge ratio, dqasomes do not release any dna in the presence of cytoplasmic membrane mimicking liposomes dqasomes s � � o � u a � � � cpm imm ��� anionic liposomes i � � will tramadol cause liver problems time [sec] fig effect of anionic liposomes on dna release from dqasomepdna complexes dna was preincubated with sybr until stabilization of the signal, followed by adding indicated by arrow the minimal amount of dqasomes necessary to decrease the signal to background level anionic liposomes were then injected arrow at an anionic to cationic charge ratio will tramadol cause liver problems as shown the displacement of dna from its carrier is indicated by the increase of the fluorescence signal cpm, cytoplasma membrane will tramadol cause liver problems like liposomes imm, inner mitochondrial membrane like liposomes omm, outer mitochondrial membrane like liposomes cpm, not even at a fold excess of anionic charge however, with a similar charge excess of anionic liposomes to cationic dqasomes, and respectively, inner and outer mitochondrial membrane mimicking liposomes will tramadol cause liver problems imm and omm, respectively are able to displace up to of the dna from its dqasomal carrier in agreement with these data, it was found that for the complete liberation of dna from dna dqasome complex, a fourfold excess of will tramadol cause liver problems dicetylphosphate and an eightfold excess of phosphatidylserine, respectively, are necessary the finding that cpm liposomes, at an anionic to cationic will tramadol cause liver problems charge ratio of , displace up to of the dna from lipofectin, which was used as will tramadol cause liver problems a control, do not liberate any dna from dqasomes even at will tramadol cause liver problems a slight excess of anionic will tramadol cause liver problems charge, leads to the conclusion that besides the charge ratio, other factors may play an important role in the mechanism of dna release from lipiddna complexes this conclusion is being will tramadol cause liver problems further supported by xu and szokas observation verapamil and atenolol interaction that ionic water soluble molecules such as atp, trna, dna, polyglutamic acid, spermidine and histone do not displace dna from the cationic lipiddna complex, even at a fold will tramadol cause liver problems charge excess � in their model for the postendocytotic release of dna from cationic carriers, they assume the formation of a charge neutral ion pair between cationic and anionic lipid, which ultimately results in the displacement of the dna from the cationic lipid and the release of dna into cytoplasm liposomedna liposome ?